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 หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : Insect Pest Abundance on Sweet Basil, Ocimum basilicum L. (Labiatae) Under Different Production Systems) ผู้เขียน: อัชลี นามวงษ์, วิบูลย์ จงรัตนเมธีกุล สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractInsect pests are often the major constraint for exportation of sweet basil. This study revealed the abundance of insect pests on sweet basil under organic, good agricultural practice (GAP) and conventional production systems in central Thailand from February 2010 to January 2011. In total, 6,886 pest specimens from 8 species were collected from all fields while only 2 species of natural enemies were recorded. In total, 4,119 individual insect pests were recorded in the organic field while the numbers in GAP and conventional fields were 1,418 and 1,349, respectively. In every sweet basil production system, thrips (Bathrips melanicornis) were the most common pest. In general, 8 out of 12 monthly diversity indices from the organic system were higher than those from either the GAP or conventional systems. The highest diversity index recorded from the organic farms was in August (1.63) while the highest diversity index from the GAP system (1.61) was recorded in September and from the conventional system (1.42) in October. Since Thailand is a global exporter of sweet basil, this study provides important reference information for importing countries, and represents a form of protection for sweet basil exports from Thailand to the global market. |
หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : Pesticide Residues on Sweet Basil, Ocimum basilicum L.(Labiatae) Under Different Production Systems From Central Thailand ) ผู้เขียน:อัชลี นามวงษ์, วิบูลย์ จงรัตนเมธีกุล สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractPesticide residues on sweet basil under different production systems from Central Thailand from February 2010 to January 2011 were determined using gas chromatography. A total of 93 out of 360 samples had detectable levels of pesticide residues. However, 87 out of those 93 were sampled from conventional production systems; the other 6 samples were from a Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) farm while no pesticide residues were detected from samples of the organic production. Under the conventional systems, the residues of three organophosphorous pesticides were observed—namely, pirimiphos-methyl, chlorpyrifos and dimethoate. Moreover, the residue levels of dimethoate and pirimiphos-methyl in 1 and 10 samples, respectively, exceeded the Maximum Residue Limits of the European Union (EU MRLs). Although, two pyrethroid pesticides (cypermethrin and deltamethrin) were found more often, the residue levels were higher than those of the EU MRLs in only 1 and 4 samples, respectively. These samples were also collected from the conventional farms. Residues of organophosphates were more likely to be greater than the MRLs. The levels of pesticide residues depend on the persistence and application rates of pesticides as well as the pre-harvest interval. The results clearly indicated that the GAP certifi cation system was effective in keeping pesticide residues to levels below the MRLs. |
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